AASHTO T 191:14(2018) Standard Method of Test for Density of Soil In-Place by the Sand-Cone Method.
This method is intended for determining the in-place density of soils. The apparatus described
herein is restricted to tests in soils containing particles not larger than 50 mm (2 in.) in diameter.
The following applies to all specified limits in this standard: For the purposes of determining
confbrmance with these specifications, an observed value shall be rounded off to “the nearest unit” in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with the rounding-off method of ASTM E29.
REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
AASHTO Standards:
• M 231. Weighing Devices Used in the Testing of Materials
• T 19M/T 19, Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in Aggregate
• T 99, Moisture—Density Relations of Soils Using a 2.5-kg (5.5-Ib) Rammer and a 305-mm (12-in.) Drop
• T 217. Determination of Moisture in Soils by Means of a Calcium Carbide Gas Pressure Moisture Tester
• T 265, Laboratory Determination of Moisture Content of Soils
2.2. ASTM Standards:
• D4643, Standard Test Method for Determination of Water Content of Soil by Microwave
Oven Heating
• D4959, Standard Test Method for Determination of Water Content of Soil by Direct Heating
• E29. Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance
with Specifications
APPARATUS
Density Apparatus with Base Plate—-The density apparatus shall consist of a 4-L (1 -gal) jar and a detachable appliance consisting of a cylindrical valve with an orifice 12.7 mm (1/2 in.) in diameter and having a small funnel connecting to a standard G mason jar top on one end and a large funnel on the other end. The valve shall have stops to prevent rotating the valve past the completely open or completely closed positions. The base plate shall be made of metal and sufficiently rigid. The plate shall have a flanged center hole to receive the large funnel. The apparatus shall conform to the requircmcnts shown in Figurc 1. The apparatus described here represents a design that has proven satisfactory. Other apparatus of similar proportions will perform equally well so long as the basic principles of the sand-volume determination are observed. The base plate is required for calibrations and testing.AASHTO T 191 pdf download.